Many types of building materials are used in building construction. These materials are known as engineering materials or building materials or materials of construction. It is very important for an engineer to be familiar with the properties of materials used in building construction.

There are a wide range of materials useful for a building and water resistance, temperature resistance, strength, durability are considered before making the final selection of any building material for a particular use. Various properties like durability, appearance etc. should be thoroughly studied.

Grouping of building materials is done considering the specific properties of the material like stone, ceramics, cement concrete, wood, metal etc. Each group is further subdivided as appropriate.

The use of each building material in the engineering field is predetermined by its main or main properties. When alternatives are available, the final choice is made from engineering and economics considerations.

wood

One of the common building materials is building materials. Wood is one of the natural resources. Wood possesses strength and relative strength, while having thermal insulation properties. Wood is used as firewood as well as building material. Wood is used in many ways in building construction, such as wood is used for stringing, for making windows, for making doors, and for other types of flooring.

Aggregate

Gravel is used for various purposes such as building construction as well as gardening, Gravel is a conglomerate of rounded or angular pieces of rocks and minerals. According to the classification system, a particle size ranging from 4.75 mm to 76.2 mm is classified as gravel. Gravel has a large bearing capacity.
In addition, gravel can take on enormous forms without any indication. Settlement in construction means settlement of structures in the land. It is also used for road construction in rural areas.

sand

Sand is one of the oldest materials used for building construction. Individual particles or grains of soil can be seen by our naked eyes. Sand has coarse particles; According to the Unified Soil Classification System, particle sizes ranging from 0.075 mm to 4.75 mm are classified as sand. Sand is free of admixture of coarse, sharp, angular particles. Sand is one of the raw materials of concrete. When sand is used as a bedding material it is compacted before construction begins, sand is obtained from sea beaches, river beds etc.

Brick / Block

Brick is a block made of kiln-fired material, Brick is the smallest and rectangular unit used in building construction. Bricks are used in almost all places. Bricks are commonly used for most of the building construction works. Where stones are not available, bricks are generally used as a substitute for stone.

cement

Cement is a material used in building construction materials. It is used to bind materials.

Cement is mixed with a fine aggregate and water to make mortar. Which is used in masonry construction to fill the gaps between the blocks of brick, concrete or stone. It is mixed with water gravel and sand. The ratio of water and cement determines the overall strength and quality of the mix.

Rebar / TMT Bar

Metal is used as a structural framework for buildings such as the outer surface. Various types of metals are used for building construction such as rebar/TMT bars, steel, copper, aluminium, etc.

Iron/Steel is a common metal used in building construction. Iron/Steel building construction is one of the most reliable and oldest innovation in architecture. The use of iron and steel along with stone, brick or wood allows for much stronger and longer structures with less cost of building materials.